An ECU (Electronic Control Unit) motor controller is a specialized controller used in automotive systems to manage electric motors in components like power steering (EPS), electric pumps, HVAC blowers, and traction drives in EVs. It integrates functions such as motor control algorithms (FOC or trapezoidal), power stage driving, diagnostics, and communication (CAN, LIN, FlexRay) within a robust, automotive-grade module. Unlike general-purpose motor controllers, ECU motor controllers are designed for safety, high reliability, EMI compliance, and often include ASIL-level functional safety. They’re crucial for ensuring efficient, real-time motor performance under varying vehicle conditions.